“个人承诺团队努力,使一个团队工作,一个公司工作,社会工作,文明工作。”So said legendary足球教练文斯隆巴迪,他的话可以帮助我们理解什么是真正的社会。
社会是由个人组成的同意合作,互惠互利。它可以是一个非常广泛的术语,我们可以概括整个西方社会认为,也可以是一个非常狭窄的定义,描述只有一小群人在一个给定的社区。但无论大小,无论社会结合在一起的联系,无论是宗教、地理、专业或经济,社会是由个体之间的关系。
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有很多争论是什么使一个社会成功。哲学家托马斯•霍布斯认为,没有社会,人类生活将会“肮脏、野蛮和短暂。”Man's natural state, he argued, would be to preserve only oneself -- a man without society would steal another family's food, seduce other men's wives and kill anyone who got in his way. Of course, the same man would be in constant danger of those things happening to him, his wife and his children. What people needed, therefore, was a society, which would provide protection by subjecting everyone to a set of rules. But the number of governments, tribes and communities today demonstrate that there's no single way to form or govern a society.
哲学家让-雅克·卢梭称为社会生活的规则集的“社会契约”。In other words, people must play a part in agreeing to certain laws and in choosing a given leader. If people lose that right, then society won't function as well. To return to Coach Lombardi's area of expertise, a society without an agreed-upon code of conduct would be like football without rules or a referee. People will cooperate and commit to a society only as long as they can choose the person who mediates and voice an opinion on the rules.
有趣的是,观察互联网对社会的影响。在互联网上,没有裁判,和规则管理我们的人际联系似乎并不持有举足轻重。匿名提供的屏幕名字,人们觉得他们否则会说他们不会说,甚至可能伤害或危险的事情。因为你可以从网上订购比萨饼到付电费,一些学者担心互联网会削弱我们的现实社会中,随着人们退出参与现实生活的参与网络空间。另一方面,一些人认为互联网只会让我们的社会更大的——特拉华州的一个人,毕竟,现在可以轻松地交谈和一个人在中国。这将是有趣的,看看在未来科技塑造社会。18新利最新登入
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