即使很明显,狗是狼的后裔,这是不太明显的这是怎么来的。18新利最新登入传统观点,一个广泛代表的小说和非小说,是史前的人们把狼崽从他们的巢穴和饲养他们认为人是“包”。These tamed wolves lived with people and reproduced. The people that cared for them treasured individuals with odd coats or heavier bone structure, which might have meant death in the wild. Over time people began to breed these wolf-dogs selectively until they eventually created the diversity of dogs we see today.
最近的出版物,如有争议的书《狗:狗血统的惊人的新的理解,行为,与进化,”雷蒙德和洛娜抓住,现在另一个理论的狗是从狼进化而来的。Coppingers表明,一些狼“驯化的自己。”When humans went from mobile hunter/gatherer societies to sedentary villagers, they created a new ecological niche for neighboring wolves. The traditional niche for wolves is a forest predator of herbivores (plant-eaters) such as deer and elk. This niche requires wolves to be large, strong, innovative and able to learn by example.
人工选择是一个类似的过程,但是人们选择继续的特质,而不是“适者生存”。Traits favored by people may or may not be directly beneficial to the animal, but it doesn't matter as much because these are the animals that people choose to breed. For example, artificial selection for increasingly large heads in bulldogs means that many bulldog puppies must now be born by Caesarean section. This is not a trait favored in nature, but with the aid of veterinary medicine, it's possible to select for an animal with these qualities.
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